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Related Experiment Videos

Changes in the edentate mandible in the elderly.

O Merrot1, C Vacher, S Merrot

  • 1Service d'Otorhinolarynglogie, Centre Hospitalier La Croix-Rousse, 69000 Lyon, France.

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA
|October 11, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Tooth loss in older adults significantly alters the mandible, causing bone resorption and changes in jaw shape. These changes impact facial structure and function in the edentate mandible.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Anthropometry

Background:

  • Alveolar bone resorption is a known consequence of mandibular aging in edentate (toothless) individuals.
  • The broader effects of tooth loss on the elderly mandible are less understood.
  • Mandibular aging impacts facial structure and masticatory function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and quantify the anthropometric differences between dentate (toothed) and edentate mandibles in individuals over 70 years old.
  • To identify specific changes in mandibular morphology associated with tooth loss in the elderly.
  • To differentiate aging effects from the consequences of edentulism.

Main Methods:

  • An anthropometric study was conducted using antero-posterior and lateral radiographs.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Subjects included dentate and edentate individuals over 70 years old without maxillo-mandibular dysmorphosis.
  • Key mandibular measurements were analyzed to compare morphological differences.

    • Main Results:

    • Edentate mandibles exhibited a significant decrease in symphysis height and body height.
    • A significant increase in the gonial angle and mandibular incisure height was observed in edentate mandibles.
    • No significant differences were found in ramus height, mandibular length, minimum ramus width, or bigonial width.

    Conclusions:

    • Mandibular symphysis and body height reduction in edentate subjects is attributed to alveolar bone resorption.
    • Increased gonial angle and altered incisure height may result from muscle disequilibrium or the absence of the molar buttress.
    • Tooth loss significantly reshapes the elderly mandible, impacting its structure beyond simple bone resorption.