Anti-Ro in Sjögren's syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus

Anti-Ro autoantibodies are frequently found in the sera of patients with Sjögren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus as well as in the sera of mothers of infants with the neonatal lupus syndrome. Close associations have been found between anti-Ro and a number of clinical manifestations, particularly including hematologic cytopenias, heart block, and photosensitive skin rashes. Serologic and genetic associations have been found between anti-Ro and anti-La, rheumatoid factor, hypergammaglobulinemia, the histocompatibility alleles DQ1 and DQ2, and alleles of the T-cell receptor beta chain gene. The origin of anti-Ro and other autoantigens is thought to relate to the etiology of Sjögren's syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus and remains the most fundamental unanswered question preventing a comprehensive understanding of these diseases.