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Evolution, development and timing of puberty.

Peter D Gluckman1, Mark A Hanson

  • 1The Liggins Institute and National Research Centre for Growth and Development, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand. pd.gluckman@auckland.ac.nz

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism: TEM
|November 29, 2005
PubMed
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Puberty is starting earlier due to improved child health and migration, but this advancement may create a mismatch with psychosocial development. Early puberty requires careful consideration to avoid inappropriate medicalization.

Area of Science:

  • Human biology
  • Evolutionary medicine
  • Developmental pediatrics

Background:

  • Child health improvements correlate with earlier menarche (first menstruation).
  • Prenatal factors and migration from developing to developed countries influence puberty onset.
  • Delayed puberty is linked to poor childhood nutrition, but early puberty has complex drivers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the factors influencing the changing age of menarche.
  • To examine the evolutionary basis for puberty and the pubertal growth spurt.
  • To discuss the implications of advancing puberty on developmental timing.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on menarche, puberty, and migration.
  • Application of evolutionary perspectives to understand pubertal timing.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of the relationship between biological and psychosocial maturation.

    • Main Results:

    • Childhood nutrition impacts delayed puberty, while prenatal factors and migration contribute to early puberty.
    • Evolutionary theory explains adaptive mechanisms behind puberty and growth spurts.
    • Modern trends show biological maturation significantly preceding psychosocial maturation.

    Conclusions:

    • Advancing puberty, particularly early onset, has significant societal implications.
    • The developmental mismatch between biological and psychosocial maturation warrants attention.
    • Caution is advised against the inappropriate medicalization of early puberty.