Once bitten, twice shy: an unusual case report of a mycotic aortic aneurysm

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Infectious Diseases
• Microbiology

Background:

• Primary mycotic aneurysms of the aorta are uncommon, potentially fatal vascular infections, accounting for less than 1% of all aortic aneurysms.
• While various age groups can be affected, individuals under 50 are more susceptible.
• Common causative agents include Salmonella species and Staphylococcus aureus.

Observation:

• This case report describes the first instance of a primary aortic mycotic aneurysm attributed to Capnocytophaga canimorsus.
• Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a bacterium typically found in the oral microbiota of domestic canines and felines.
• This organism is occasionally linked to severe human infections.

Findings:

• Identification of Capnocytophaga canimorsus as the causative agent in a primary aortic mycotic aneurysm.
• Demonstration of a rare etiological link between a common animal commensal and a life-threatening cardiovascular condition.

Implications:

• Highlights the potential for Capnocytophaga canimorsus to cause severe invasive infections, including aortic aneurysms.
• Broadens the spectrum of known pathogens responsible for mycotic aortic aneurysms.
• Emphasizes the importance of considering zoonotic pathogens in unexplained infectious aortitis and aneurysms.