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Dengue activity in Puerto Rico, 1990.

J G Rigau-Pérez1, G G Clark

  • 1Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, CDC, San Juan, PR 00936-4532.

Puerto Rico Health Sciences Journal
|August 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Dengue activity in Puerto Rico surged in 1990, with Dengue 2 being the dominant serotype. Confirmed cases, particularly severe ones, were most frequent in individuals under 30, with notable geographic and seasonal patterns observed.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Virology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Dengue activity in Puerto Rico (PR) showed a continuous increase for the fourth consecutive year in 1990.
  • The PR Health Department documented a significant rise in suspected dengue cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of dengue infections in Puerto Rico during 1990.
  • To identify the predominant dengue virus serotypes and their association with disease severity and patient demographics.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory confirmation of dengue virus infections using blood samples from suspected cases.
  • Serotyping of isolated dengue virus strains.
  • Analysis of case reports, including demographics, clinical manifestations, and geographic distribution.

Main Results:

  • 1,911 dengue infections were confirmed out of 7,660 suspected cases.
  • Dengue 2 (DEN-2) was the most frequently isolated serotype, associated with severe cases and hemorrhagic manifestations.
  • Highest attack rates were observed in individuals under 30 years old. Disease activity peaked from September to November.
  • Geographic hotspots included the south coast and central mountains, with specific serotype prevalence (DEN-2 in the south; DEN-2 and DEN-4 in central mountains).
  • 15% of confirmed cases were hospitalized, and 23% exhibited hemorrhagic manifestations. A fatal case was reported in a 17-year-old female.

Conclusions:

  • Dengue virus, particularly DEN-2, posed a significant public health threat in Puerto Rico in 1990.
  • Understanding the epidemiology, serotype distribution, and risk factors is crucial for dengue prevention and control efforts in the region.

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