Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 13, 2026

Establishment and Evaluation of a Sheep Model of Full-thickness Osteochondral Defect
Published on: April 14, 2026
Dietary-related skeletal changes in a Shetland sheepdog puppy
Chantal J McMillan1, Dominique J Griffon, Steven L Marks
1Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61802, USA.
Abstract:
A commercially available, renal failure diet was used to manage suspected renal failure in a 10-week-old Shetland sheepdog puppy. Rickets subsequently developed, possibly from low phosphorous intake and an increased calcium to phosphorus ratio. Decreased dietary calcium in addition to decreased phosphorus may have played a role in decreasing bone mineral density. Lethargy, decreased long bone growth, angular limb deformity, and osteopenia occurred, but these signs resolved within 3 months with nutritional management.
Related Concept Videos
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification
Bone Disorders
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into...
The Functions of the Skeletal System
Bone Remodeling

