Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Full breastfeeding duration and associated decrease in respiratory tract infection in US children.

Caroline J Chantry1, Cynthia R Howard, Peggy Auinger

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA. caroline.chantry@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu

Pediatrics
|February 3, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Prediction of α-synuclein seed amplification assay positivity in remotely followed <i>LRRK2</i> G2019S carriers using a validated data-driven model.

Journal of clinical and translational science·2026
Same author

Reach of Palliative Care in Parkinson Disease: Progress and Gaps After a National Team-Based Implementation Project.

Neurology. Clinical practice·2026
Same author

New onset seizure etiologies and outcomes among adults with HIV in the era of broadly available antiretroviral therapies.

Seizure·2026
Same author

Videoconferencing with the Hospitalized Premature Infant while Expressing Milk: A Randomized Crossover Trial.

Telemedicine journal and e-health : the official journal of the American Telemedicine Association·2026
Same author

Explore thyself: is it time for metacognition screening in clinical trials?

Clinical parkinsonism & related disorders·2026
Same author

Three years later: tracking bothersome symptoms and impacts for people with early Parkinson's disease.

Journal of neurology·2026
Same journal

Video vs Telephone Consultations for Pediatric Quality of Care in Emergency Departments.

Pediatrics·2026
Same journal

A Resource to Understand and Prevent Sudden Unexpected Infant Deaths.

Pediatrics·2026
Same journal

Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against Pediatric Death in the United States: 2016-2025.

Pediatrics·2026
Same journal

Averting the Unthinkable: Immunization to Prevent Childhood Deaths From Influenza.

Pediatrics·2026
Same journal

Severe Postoperative Hypernatremia in an Adolescent Following Sleeve Gastrectomy.

Pediatrics·2026
Same journal

Barriers to Implementing SMART for Asthma in Pediatric Primary Care.

Pediatrics·2026
See all related articles

Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months, not just 4, significantly reduces infant risk of pneumonia and recurrent ear infections. These findings support current pediatric recommendations for infant nutrition.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The American Academy of Pediatrics advocates for exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life.
  • Previous research indicates 6-month exclusive breastfeeding offers greater protection against gastrointestinal infections than 4-month duration, but evidence for respiratory tract infections is less clear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if exclusive breastfeeding for six months or longer, compared to four to less than six months, provides enhanced protection against respiratory tract infections in US infants.

Main Methods:

  • A secondary analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (1988-1994) data was conducted.
  • Data from 2277 children aged 6 to 24 months were analyzed, excluding those with neonatal intensive care unit stays.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Logistic regression, accounting for complex survey design and confounding factors, assessed the odds of pneumonia, frequent upper respiratory infections, recurrent otitis media (OM), and early-onset OM.

    • Main Results:

    • Infants exclusively breastfed for 4 to <6 months had a significantly higher risk of pneumonia (OR: 4.27; 95% CI: 1.27-14.35) compared to those breastfed for >=6 months.
    • A statistically significant increased risk for recurrent otitis media (>=3 episodes) was also observed in the 4 to <6 months group (OR: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.06-3.59).
    • No significant differences were found for frequent cold/influenza, wheezing, or first OM at <12 months.

    Conclusions:

    • Exclusive breastfeeding for at least six months is associated with a reduced risk of pneumonia and recurrent otitis media in infants.
    • These findings reinforce current public health recommendations supporting exclusive breastfeeding for the infant's first six months of life.