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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
Published on: March 1, 2015
[Acute palsy of twelfth cranial nerve]
F Munoz del Castillo1, T Molina Nieto, A De la Riva Aguilar
1Hospital Universitario Princesa Sofía, Córdoba. fmdelkastillo@yahoo.es
Abstract:
The hypoglossal nerve or Twelfth-nerve palsy is a rare damage with different causes: tumors or metastases in skull base, cervicals tumors, schwannoma, dissection or aneurysm carotid arteries, stroke, trauma, idiopathic cause, radiation, infections (mononucleosis) or multiple cranial neuropathy. Tumors were responsible for nearly half of the cases in different studies. We studied a female with hypoglossal nerve acute palsy. We made a differential diagnostic with others causes and a review of the literature.
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