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Meson supercurrent state in high-density QCD.

T Schäfer1

  • 1Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|February 21, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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The color-flavor-locked (CFL) phase of quark matter becomes unstable due to the strange quark mass. A new state with a meson supercurrent resolves this instability, creating a balanced flow of particles.

Area of Science:

  • High-energy nuclear physics
  • Quantum chromodynamics (QCD)
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • The ground state of three-flavor quark matter at high densities is the color-flavor-locked (CFL) phase.
  • The influence of the strange quark mass becomes significant at nonasymptotic densities, potentially destabilizing the CFL phase.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the instability arising from gapless fermions in the CFL state when the strange quark mass is considered.
  • To explore the possibility of resolving this instability through the formation of a novel condensed matter state.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing an effective theory of the color-flavor-locked (CFL) phase.
  • Analyzing current-current correlation functions to identify instabilities.
  • Investigating the formation of a neutral kaon condensate and meson supercurrents.

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Main Results:

  • The CFL state becomes unstable for specific strange quark masses, leading to the formation of a neutral kaon condensate.
  • Gapless fermions in the CFL state cause an instability in current-current correlation functions.
  • The formation of a meson supercurrent, analogous to a p-wave pion condensate, resolves this instability.

Conclusions:

  • The instability in the CFL phase due to the strange quark mass can be mitigated by forming a meson supercurrent.
  • This new state features a nonzero meson current balanced by a backflow of gapless fermions.
  • The findings offer insights into the complex phase diagram of dense quark matter.