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Club foot: a twin study.

V Engell1, F Damborg, M Andersen

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital of Odense, SDR Boulevard 29, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark. Vilhelm.Engell@stofanet.dk

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume
|February 25, 2006
PubMed
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Congenital clubfoot has a genetic component, but its inheritance pattern is unclear. A Danish twin study found a prevalence of 0.27% and suggested non-genetic factors play a significant role.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Genetics
  • Epidemiology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • The exact causes of congenital clubfoot remain largely unknown.
  • Previous studies suggest a genetic influence, but distinct inheritance patterns are not evident.
  • Twin studies are valuable for disentangling genetic and environmental contributions to complex traits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic component of congenital clubfoot using a large twin registry.
  • To estimate the prevalence of congenital clubfoot in a Danish population.
  • To determine concordance rates in monozygotic and dizygotic twins.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Odense-based Danish Twin Registry, encompassing 73,000 twin pairs.
  • Administered a questionnaire to 46,418 twins born between 1931 and 1982, asking about congenital clubfoot.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analyzed self-reported data to calculate prevalence and pairwise concordance rates for different zygosity groups.

    • Main Results:

    • The self-reported prevalence of congenital clubfoot was 0.0027 (95% CI 0.0022 to 0.0034).
    • Pairwise concordance was 0.17 for monozygotic twins and 0.05 for dizygotic twins.
    • Identified 55 complete twin pairs, with two monozygotic and two dizygotic same-sex pairs showing concordance.

    Conclusions:

    • Evidence suggests a genetic contribution to congenital clubfoot.
    • Non-genetic factors are likely to play a predominant role in the aetiology of congenital clubfoot.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors.