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Selenium in critical illness.

Michael Geoghegan1, Daniel McAuley, Simon Eaton

  • 1Department of Adult and Paediatric Gastroenterology, St Bartholomew's and the Royal London Hospital School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. mgeoghegan@qmul.ac.uk

Current Opinion in Critical Care
|March 18, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Selenium supplementation may reduce mortality in critically ill patients by supporting antioxidant function. Further large, well-designed trials are needed to confirm these benefits for selenium in critical care.

Area of Science:

  • Critical care medicine
  • Nutritional science
  • Oxidative stress research

Background:

  • Critical illness generates oxygen free radicals, leading to oxidative stress.
  • Selenium is an essential trace element that acts as an antioxidant.
  • Critically ill patients may have low selenium levels due to redistribution and dilution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the benefits of selenium supplementation in critically ill patients.
  • To investigate selenium's role in mitigating oxidative stress in critical illness.

Main Methods:

  • Review of selenium supplementation trials in critically ill patients.
  • Analysis of studies involving trauma, sepsis, burns, and ARDS populations.
  • Examination of varying selenium dosages (200-1000 microg) used alone or with other antioxidants.

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Main Results:

  • Trials in small populations showed improvements in hospital stay, infection rates, and need for hemodialysis.
  • No statistically significant reduction in mortality was demonstrated in individual trials.
  • Recent meta-analyses indicate a trend towards reduced mortality with selenium supplementation.

Conclusions:

  • Selenium may reduce mortality in critically ill patients by enhancing antioxidant function.
  • Large, well-designed randomized trials are necessary to definitively establish the mortality benefit of selenium.
  • Further research is warranted to optimize selenium supplementation strategies in critical care.