Pattern of sildenafil calls to Texas poison control centers, 1998-2004

Sildenafil, a popular medication approved for the treatment of erectile dysfunction, is often misused. This study sought to describe the patterns of sildenafil calls to poison control centers in Texas during 1998-2004. Data on all sildenafil calls reported to the Texas Poison Center Network were analyzed. There were 628 sildenafil calls, 36% of which were human exposures and 44% were drug identifications. The number of calls increased during 1998-2003 but leveled off in 2004. The sildenafil exposure was isolated in 70% of the human exposure calls and involved other substances in 30% of the calls. Nonisolated exposures were more likely than isolated exposures to be intentional, involve males, occur in adults, and involve more serious problems as reflected by higher rates of health care facility treatment usage and more severe medical outcomes. The most frequently reported clinical effects were dizziness, tachycardia, erythema, and drowsiness. Most sildenafil calls were for human exposures or drug identification. The characteristics of human exposures such as the exposure reason and medical outcome were dependent on the presence of other substances.