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Related Experiment Videos

Lateral phase separation in lipid-coated microbubbles.

Mark A Borden1, Gary V Martinez, Josette Ricker

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA. maborden@ucdavis.edu

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|April 19, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Lipid-coated microbubbles for imaging and drug delivery show phase separation in their shells. Phosphatidyl choline forms ordered domains, while lipopolymers enrich disordered regions, impacting agent properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Lipid-coated microbubbles are crucial for molecular imaging and targeted drug delivery.
  • Shell composition influences ligand localization, brush coverage, and drug loading capacity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the miscibility of phosphatidyl choline (PC) and lipopolymer species in microbubble shells.
  • To understand the microstructural organization and its impact on agent properties.

Main Methods:

  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to determine shell composition.
  • Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for phase transition analysis.
  • Electron and fluorescence microscopy for microstructural visualization.

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Main Results:

  • Shell composition mirrors bulk lipid ratios.
  • Evidence of a single, ordered PC-rich phase with no pretransitions.
  • Microscopy revealed heterogeneous domains (ordered PC, disordered lipopolymer-rich).
  • Phase separation increased with lipopolymer concentration and was thermodynamically driven.

Conclusions:

  • Microbubble shells exhibit significant phase heterogeneity, not complete miscibility.
  • Lipopolymer preferentially partitions into disordered regions, creating distinct domains.
  • The microstructure is history-dependent, indicating a nonequilibrium state.