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Simon congruency effects based on stimulus and response numerosity.

Jeff Miller1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. miller@psy.otago.ac.nz

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006)
|April 19, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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This study found that the number of stimuli automatically influences response selection. Reaction times were faster when stimulus and response counts matched, indicating automatic processing of stimulus numerosity.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Experimental Psychology

Background:

  • The Simon effect demonstrates congruence effects in reaction time tasks.
  • Previous research has primarily focused on spatial or feature-based congruence.
  • The role of stimulus numerosity in response selection remains less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a Simon-type congruence effect based on the number of stimuli and responses.
  • To determine if stimulus numerosity is automatically processed and influences response execution.
  • To examine this effect across different sensory modalities (auditory, visual, bimodal).

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments using choice reaction time tasks.
  • Experiment 1: Auditory stimuli (one or two tones) requiring one or two taps.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Experiments 2 & 3: Visual and bimodal stimuli, respectively, with similar response requirements.

    • Main Results:

    • Faster responses observed when the number of stimuli matched the number of required response taps.
    • A weaker congruence effect was found with visual and bimodal stimuli.
    • Stimulus numerosity influenced the rate of executing two-tap responses.

    Conclusions:

    • Stimulus numerosity is automatically processed.
    • This automatic processing impacts the selection and potentially the execution of responses.
    • The findings extend the understanding of congruence effects beyond spatial and feature-based dimensions.