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Mitigating the Low Prevalence Effect: Role of Removing Explicit "Target-Absent" Responses in Visual Search.

Byungju Kim¹, Takatsune Kumada¹, Ryoichi Nakashima¹

¹Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Japan.

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006)

|June 1, 2026

Summary

The low prevalence effect in visual search can be reduced by using a go/no-go task, which discourages premature decisions. Customizing response times further improves target detection and lowers miss rates.

Keywords:

decision-making go/no-go response low prevalence effect multiple-decision model visual search

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Visual Perception
Human Factors

Background:

Target prevalence significantly impacts decision-making in visual search.
The low prevalence effect (LPE) results in higher miss rates at low target prevalence due to premature target-absent judgments.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if a go/no-go (GNG) response task mitigates the LPE by reducing premature decisions.
To assess the impact of customized trial termination times on LPE and miss rates.

Main Methods:

Participants performed either a target present/absent (PA) task or a GNG task under high (50%) and low (5%) target prevalence conditions.
Experiment 1 used identical trial termination times; Experiment 2 customized termination times based on individual performance thresholds.

Main Results:

The GNG task showed a smaller difference in miss rates between prevalence conditions compared to the PA task in both experiments.
Customized trial termination times reduced overall miss rates without increasing false alarms.

Conclusions:

The GNG response type effectively mitigates the low prevalence effect in visual search.
Combining the GNG task with customized trial termination offers an effective strategy to enhance target detection and reduce errors.