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Obstetric US: watch the fetal hands.
Françoise Rypens1, Josée Dubois, Laurent Garel
1Department of Radiology, Hôpital Ste-Justine and Université de Montréal, 3175 Côte Ste-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1C5. francoise_rypens@ssss.gouv.qc.ca
Summary
Prenatal ultrasonography can miss fetal hand anomalies, ranging from minor deformities to limb amputation. Early diagnosis and classification of these malformations are crucial for prognosis and genetic counseling.
Area of Science:
- Medical Imaging
- Prenatal Diagnosis
- Genetics
Background:
- Fetal hand anomalies are often overlooked during prenatal ultrasonography.
- Malformations range from subtle finger deformities to limb amputation, impacting diagnosis and prognosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To classify and characterize fetal hand malformations.
- To highlight the diagnostic and prognostic implications of these anomalies.
Main Methods:
- Review and classification of fetal hand malformations based on predominant anomaly.
- Emphasis on ultrasonography (US) detection and diagnostic work-up.
Main Results:
- Fetal hand anomalies can be categorized into alignment, thumb, size, echogenicity, number, and constriction band abnormalities.
- Specific malformations like clenched hand or hitchhiker thumb suggest particular diagnoses.
Conclusions:
- Accurate classification aids in differential diagnosis and guides further investigation.
- Detection necessitates a comprehensive work-up, including genetic counseling and karyotype analysis.