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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Mass01:52

Atomic Mass

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Atoms — and the protons, neutrons, and electrons that compose them — are extremely small. For example, a carbon atom weighs less than 2 × 10−23 g. When describing the properties of tiny objects such as atoms, we use appropriately small units of measure, such as the atomic mass unit (amu). The amu was originally defined based on hydrogen, the lightest element, then later in terms of oxygen. Since 1961, it has been defined with regard to the most abundant isotope of carbon,...
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Molar Mass01:54

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The identity of a substance is defined not only by the types of atoms or ions it contains but by the quantity of each type of atom or ion. For example, water, H2O, and hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, are alike in that their respective molecules are composed of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. However, because a hydrogen peroxide molecule contains two oxygen atoms, as opposed to the water molecule, which has only one, the two substances exhibit very different properties.
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Chemical Stoichiometry and Gases: Using Ideal Gas Law to Determine Moles03:12

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Chemical stoichiometry describes the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions.
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Electron Configuration of Multielectron Atoms03:26

Electron Configuration of Multielectron Atoms

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The alkali metal sodium (atomic number 11) has one more electron than the neon atom. This electron must go into the lowest-energy subshell available, the 3s orbital, giving a 1s22s22p63s1 configuration. The electrons occupying the outermost shell orbital(s) (highest value of n) are called valence electrons, and those occupying the inner shell orbitals are called core electrons. Since the core electron shells correspond to noble gas electron configurations, we can abbreviate electron...
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High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)01:15

High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)

2.6K
The resolution of a mass spectrometer depends on the efficiency of separating ions with different ion masses. The mass of an atom is approximated to the sum of the masses of protons and neutrons inside, considering the masses of protons and neutrons as equal. However, the masses of the proton (1.6726 × 10−24 g) and neutron (1.6749 × 10−24 g) are not truly equal. There is a minor error in the expression of atomic masses relative to the simplest atom of hydrogen. For...
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Atomic Weight01:25

Atomic Weight

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Protons and neutrons have approximately the same mass, about 1.67 × 10-24 grams. Scientists arbitrarily define this amount of mass as one atomic mass unit (amu) or one Dalton. Electrons are much smaller in mass than protons, weighing only 9.11 × 10-28 grams, or about 1/1800 of an atomic mass unit. As a result, they do not contribute much to an element's overall atomic mass. This means that, when considering atomic mass, it is customary to ignore the mass of any electrons and...
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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New mass value for 7Li.

Sz Nagy1, T Fritioff, M Suhonen

  • 1Atomic Physics, AlbaNova, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Szilard.Nagy@physto.se

Physical Review Letters
|May 23, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A precise mass measurement of Lithium-7 (7Li) using the SMILETRAP Penning-trap revealed a new atomic mass value. This finding highlights a significant discrepancy with previous evaluations, impacting nuclear physics research.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Physics
  • Atomic Physics
  • Metrology

Background:

  • Accurate atomic mass values are fundamental for nuclear structure studies.
  • Previous evaluations of the Lithium-7 (7Li) atomic mass may require revision.
  • High-precision mass spectrometry is crucial for testing fundamental physics theories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To perform a high-accuracy mass measurement of Lithium-7 (7Li).
  • To compare the measured mass with existing literature values, specifically the Atomic-Mass Evaluation 2003 (AME 2003).
  • To discuss the implications of the revised 7Li mass for nuclear charge radii and neutron halo nuclei.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the SMILETRAP Penning-trap mass spectrometer.
  • Employed a cyclotron frequency comparison technique.
  • Measured the frequencies of Lithium-7 ions (7Li3+) and molecular hydrogen ions (H2+).

Main Results:

  • Determined a new atomic mass value for 7Li: 7.016 003 425 6(45) atomic mass units (u).
  • Achieved a high precision with a relative uncertainty of 0.63 parts per billion (ppb).
  • Observed a significant deviation of 14 sigma (1.1 micro-u) from the AME 2003 value.

Conclusions:

  • The new, highly accurate 7Li mass value challenges the established AME 2003.
  • This revised mass is critical for calibrating measurements of nuclear-charge radii.
  • The improved 7Li mass value is essential for future atomic mass measurements of neutron-rich isotopes like 9Li and 11Li.