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Smell: central nervous processing.

Jay A Gottfried1

  • 1Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Chicago, Ill., USA.

Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology
|May 31, 2006
PubMed
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Human olfaction is a sophisticated sensory system, not a subpar one. This chapter explores the neurophysiology of smell, from basic odor processing to complex memory integration in the brain.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sensory Physiology

Background:

  • Human olfaction is often underestimated.
  • Understanding olfactory neurophysiology requires examining its psychophysiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of central olfactory processing in the human brain.
  • To challenge the perception of human olfaction as a deficient sensory system.
  • To detail the neural pathways and functions associated with smell.

Main Methods:

  • Anatomical survey of olfactory bulb input recipients.
  • Discussion of unique organizational properties of olfactory pathways.
  • Review of neural correlates using functional imaging, lesion studies, and intracranial recordings.

Main Results:

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  • Human olfactory capabilities are significant and complex.
  • Olfaction possesses unique neural organization compared to other senses.
  • Basic and higher-order olfactory functions are elucidated through various neuroimaging and study techniques.

Conclusions:

  • Central olfactory processing in humans is a complex and vital function.
  • The neurophysiology of olfaction supports sophisticated sensory perception and integration.
  • Further research utilizing diverse methodologies will continue to refine our understanding of human smell.