Liquid crystal and crystal structure of octahomotetraoxacalix[4]arenes

Octahomotetraoxacalix[4]arenes bearing long alkyl chains on their lower rim were prepared. Ester 4a existed in a 1,2-alternate conformation in its crystal structure, which was examined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. To prepare liquid crystalline materials possessing calixarene moieties by self-assembling, carboxylic acid derivatives 5 were synthesized. Among them, 5c, the octadecyloxy derivative, showed smectic liquid crystal phase. Homooxacalixarenes 5 also formed liquid crystal phases with longer layer distances when two equivalent moles of 1,2-ethylenediamine were added as a linker. These phases were investigated with X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and polarized optical microscopy.