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Compression physics in the formulation development of tablets.

Sarsvatkumar Patel1, Aditya Mohan Kaushal, Arvind Kumar Bansal

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Formulations), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S.Nagar, Punjab, India.

Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems
|June 6, 2006
PubMed
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Tablets are popular due to precision dosing and efficiency. Understanding drug/excipient properties and compaction forces is key to successful tablet manufacturing and troubleshooting common issues.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Tablets are the most prevalent dosage form, favored for precise dosing, manufacturing efficiency, and patient adherence.
  • Tablet manufacturing relies heavily on compaction, a process involving compression and consolidation, influenced by material properties and processing parameters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the critical physico-technical properties of drugs and excipients affecting tablet compaction.
  • To discuss the impact of instrument settings and mathematical models on tablet quality and manufacturing.
  • To highlight the application of mechanistic studies and performance indices in pharmaceutical research and development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on drug and excipient properties influencing compaction (e.g., moisture, particle size, polymorphism).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of tableting parameters such as speed, compression force profiles, and their effect on tablet quality.
  • Discussion of instrumental techniques (e.g., compaction simulators) and mathematical models for studying compaction mechanisms.

    • Main Results:

    • Various material properties (e.g., hydration state, lubricant levels) and process variables (e.g., tableting speed) significantly impact tablet compaction.
    • Mechanistic studies and mathematical models provide insights into compaction behavior, aiding in predicting and solving manufacturing problems like capping and lamination.
    • Performance indices (e.g., bonding index, strain index) help in selecting excipients and optimizing processes to minimize tableting issues.

    Conclusions:

    • Optimizing tablet compaction requires a thorough understanding of both material science and process engineering principles.
    • Advanced analytical tools and mathematical modeling are crucial for pharmaceutical development, scale-up, and troubleshooting.
    • Strategic selection and modification of excipients, such as through co-processing, can enhance functionality and improve tablet manufacturing outcomes.