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Viral vectors for gene delivery in tissue engineering.

Xiujuan Zhang1, W T Godbey

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 300 Lindy Boggs Center, Tulane University, 6823 St. Charles Ave., New Orleans, LA 70118, USA.

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
|June 10, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Tissue engineering aims to create functional tissues using cell seeding on scaffolds. This review highlights viral gene delivery systems, like retrovirus and adenovirus, as efficient tools for genetic modification in tissue engineering applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Molecular Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Tissue engineering seeks to produce functional tissues by seeding cells onto scaffolds.
  • Genetic modification of cells via gene delivery is a key approach in tissue engineering.
  • Both viral and non-viral gene delivery systems exist, each with unique properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review viral gene transfer systems for tissue engineering.
  • To discuss the genomic structures, advantages, and disadvantages of different viral vectors.
  • To evaluate the efficiency of viral transduction in mammalian cells for tissue engineering.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on viral gene transfer systems.
  • Analysis of genomic structures of retrovirus, adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, and herpes virus.

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  • Comparative assessment of viral vectors for tissue engineering applications.

    • Main Results:

    • Viruses are highly efficient for introducing and expressing exogenous genes in mammalian cells.
    • Different viral vectors (retrovirus, adenovirus, AAV, herpesvirus) possess distinct characteristics.
    • Each viral system presents specific advantages and disadvantages for tissue engineering.

    Conclusions:

    • Viral gene delivery remains a primary method for cell modification in tissue engineering.
    • Understanding viral genomic structures is crucial for optimizing gene transfer efficiency.
    • Careful selection of viral vectors is necessary for successful tissue engineering outcomes.