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Intercurrent and reinforced behavior under multiple spaced-responding schedules.

J B Smith, F C Clark

    Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
    |May 1, 1974
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study on rats found that increasing the required time between lever presses decreased lever pressing, licking, and reinforcement rates. Wheel running behavior varied, suggesting complex interactions between responses under spaced-responding schedules.

    Area of Science:

    • Behavioral Neuroscience
    • Animal Behavior
    • Operant Conditioning

    Background:

    • Understanding response patterns under complex schedules is crucial for behavioral analysis.
    • Spaced-responding schedules require specific interresponse times (IRTs) for reinforcement.
    • Investigating concurrent behaviors like running and licking alongside operant responding provides insight into behavioral allocation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To examine the effects of increasing spaced-responding schedule requirements on lever pressing, licking, and wheel running in rats.
    • To analyze the efficiency of responding and the conditional probabilities between different response classes.
    • To explore the relationship between concurrent behaviors and operant performance under varying schedule parameters.

    Main Methods:

    Related Experiment Videos

    • Rats were trained on a multiple schedule with three spaced-responding components (10, 20, 60 sec IRT) and an extinction component.
    • Lever pressing, wheel running, and licking were recorded simultaneously.
    • Data analysis included response rates, reinforcement rates, efficiency (reinforcements per response), and conditional probabilities of response sequences.

    Main Results:

    • Increasing the IRT requirement led to decreased rates of lever pressing, reinforcement, and licking.
    • Response efficiency (reinforcements per response) also decreased as the schedule parameter increased.
    • Wheel running rates showed variable patterns (increase or increase-then-decrease) with increasing schedule requirements, and did not correlate with individual efficiency.

    Conclusions:

    • Higher spaced-responding requirements reduce the overall rate and efficiency of the primary operant behavior (lever pressing).
    • Concurrent behaviors like wheel running and licking are differentially affected by schedule requirements, indicating behavioral allocation shifts.
    • Findings contribute to understanding schedule-induced behaviors and the mediating roles of concurrent responses in operant conditioning.