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Scapular dysfunction in throwers with pathologic internal impingement.

Kevin G Laudner1, Joseph B Myers, Maria R Pasquale

  • 1School of Kinesiology and Recreation, Illinois State University, Normal 61790, USA. klaudne@ilstu.edu

The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy
|August 3, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Baseball players with pathologic internal impingement exhibit altered scapular mechanics. Specifically, they show increased sternoclavicular elevation and posterior scapular tilt during arm elevation, suggesting a link between scapular dysfunction and shoulder impingement in throwing athletes.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Scapular dysfunction is suspected to contribute to throwing-related shoulder impingement.
  • This dysfunction may increase contact between the humerus and glenoid, leading to rotator cuff and labral impingement.
  • Previous research lacked definitive data on scapular dysfunction in throwing athletes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare scapular position and orientation in baseball players with and without pathologic internal impingement.
  • To investigate scapular mechanics in a controlled laboratory setting.
  • To identify potential biomechanical differences contributing to shoulder impingement in throwers.

Main Methods:

  • A case control study comparing 11 throwing athletes with pathologic internal impingement to 11 matched controls without shoulder injury.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilized an electromagnetic tracking device to measure scapular rotation, tilt, and elevation during humeral elevation.
  • Statistical analysis (ANOVA) was employed to compare scapular variables between the two groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Athletes with pathologic internal impingement demonstrated significantly increased sternoclavicular elevation during humeral elevation (P = .002 and P = .003).
    • A statistically significant increase in posterior scapular tilt was observed in the impingement group (P = .016).
    • No significant differences were found in other measured scapular variables.

    Conclusions:

    • Throwing athletes with pathologic internal impingement exhibit significantly elevated sternoclavicular elevation and posterior scapular tilt.
    • These findings highlight specific scapular kinematic alterations associated with shoulder impingement in baseball players.
    • The study provides objective data supporting the role of scapular dysfunction in throwing-related shoulder pathology.