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Updated: Aug 6, 2026

Transforaminal Full-Endoscopic Lumbar Foraminotomy Under Local Anesthesia for L5/S1 Adjacent Segment Foraminal Stenosis
Published on: October 17, 2025
Seated transforaminal injection approach in severe lumbar stenosis
Jason S Lipetz1, Sarjoo Bhagia, Thomas J Dicarlo
1Center for Spine Rehabilitation, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health Systems, East Meadow, NY 11554, USA. JLipetz@lij.edu
Abstract:
The use of seated positioning for the performance of a fluoroscopically guided transforaminal lumbar epidural injection is presented. An 81 year old gentleman presented with a lumbar radiculopathy with radiographs demonstrating foraminal stenosis arising in the setting of offending disc pathology, multilevel and advanced central canal compromise, and a scoliotic deformity. He was unable to tolerate prone positioning secondary to radicular pain. A seated approach allowed for the patient to remain comfortable, and a satisfactory epidurogram was observed. Comparative images of the L4 transforaminal injection performed in the prone and seated position may be consistent with an increased foraminal cross sectional area in the seated and forward flexed posture.