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Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Ultrasound Velocity Measurement in a Liquid Metal Electrode

Ultrasound Velocity Measurement in a Liquid Metal Electrode

Published on: August 5, 2015

Probing the superfluid velocity with a superconducting tip: the Doppler shift effect.

A Kohen¹, Th Proslier, T Cren

¹Institut des Nanosciences de Paris, I.N.S.P., Universités Paris 6 et 7, C.N.R.S., UMR 75 88, 75015 Paris, France.

Physical Review Letters

|August 16, 2006

Summary

This study demonstrates a new method using superconducting scanning tunneling spectroscopy to visualize supercurrents and superfluid velocity in superconductors. The technique effectively maps vortex cores and surrounding screening currents in materials like NbSe2.

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All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics

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Published on: January 19, 2018

Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Materials Science
Superconductivity Research

Background:

Probing local electronic properties of superconductors is crucial for understanding their behavior.
Supercurrents and their spatial distribution are key characteristics of superconducting states.
Existing methods often lack the spatial resolution to study subtle superconducting phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and demonstrate a local-scale method for probing supercurrents in superconducting samples.
To investigate the sensitivity of scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) with a superconducting tip to superfluid velocity.
To map intrinsic screening currents, such as those around magnetic vortices in type II superconductors.

Main Methods:

Utilized scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) with a superconducting tip (e.g., Nb tip).
Analyzed the tunneling conductance, focusing on the Doppler shift in the superconducting quasiparticle (QP) spectrum.
Performed STS mapping on single crystal 2H-NbSe2 samples in a magnetic field to visualize vortices.

Main Results:

Demonstrated that STS with a superconducting tip is highly sensitive to the Doppler shift, enabling local superfluid velocity studies.
Successfully mapped vortex cores (on the scale of the superconducting coherence length, ξ) and associated supercurrents (on the scale of the London penetration length, λ).
Observed a nuanced interplay between the superconducting pair potential and supercurrents at the vortex edges.

Conclusions:

Scanning tunneling spectroscopy with a superconducting tip provides a powerful tool for local supercurrent visualization.
The method allows for detailed studies of screening currents and superfluid dynamics in superconductors.
This technique offers promising prospects for advancing the understanding of superconductivity in various materials.