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Does word frequency affect lexical selection in speech production?

Eduardo Navarrete1, Benedetta Basagni, F-Xavier Alario

  • 1GRNC, Parc Científic Universitat de Barcelona, & Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Spain.

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006)
|September 2, 2006
PubMed
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This study found that word frequency impacts lexical selection during speech production. Faster responses for high-frequency words suggest frequency affects early stages of word retrieval, not just later phonological processing.

Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Speech Production

Background:

  • Word frequency is a known factor influencing language processing.
  • Previous research debated whether frequency effects occur during lexical selection or phonological retrieval.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if word frequency affects lexical selection (lemma retrieval) in speech production.
  • To determine if frequency effects are limited to phonological retrieval (lexeme retrieval).

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted using picture naming and a gender decision task.
  • Participants produced utterances or made decisions requiring access to noun grammatical gender (lemma retrieval).
  • Phonological retrieval (lexeme retrieval) was not necessary for task completion.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Faster response latencies were observed for high-frequency pictures compared to low-frequency pictures in both experiments.
  • This word frequency effect remained consistent across multiple stimulus repetitions.

Conclusions:

  • Lexical selection (lemma retrieval) is demonstrably sensitive to word frequency.
  • The findings challenge the hypothesis that word frequency effects are confined to the phonological retrieval stage.