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Advancing paternal age and autism.

Abraham Reichenberg1, Raz Gross, Mark Weiser

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Seaver Center for Autism Research, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA. avi.reichenberg@mssm.edu

Archives of General Psychiatry
|September 6, 2006
PubMed
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Advanced paternal age significantly increases the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring. This study highlights the importance of paternal age in neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • Genetics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Maternal and paternal ages are known risk factors for neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • Previous research indicates a link between parental age and offspring neurodevelopment.
  • Understanding these associations is crucial for early identification and intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between advanced paternal age at conception and the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring.
  • To determine if paternal age is an independent risk factor for ASD.
  • To explore potential biological mechanisms underlying this association.

Main Methods:

  • A historical, population-based cohort study utilizing the Israeli draft board medical registry.

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  • Inclusion of over 300,000 individuals born in Israel, with ASD cases identified via ICD-10 codes.
  • Statistical analysis controlling for year of birth, socioeconomic status, and maternal age.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant, monotonic association was found between increasing paternal age and ASD risk.
    • Offspring of fathers aged 40+ had a 5.75-fold increased likelihood of ASD compared to those with fathers younger than 30.
    • No significant association was observed between advanced maternal age and ASD risk after adjusting for paternal age.

    Conclusions:

    • Advanced paternal age is a significant risk factor for autism spectrum disorder.
    • Potential biological mechanisms include age-related de novo mutations or epigenetic alterations.
    • These findings underscore the importance of considering paternal age in ASD etiology and prevention strategies.