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Updated: Jul 20, 2026

Assessment of the Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)

Assessment of the Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)

Published on: December 24, 2015

Stressed stem cells: Temperature response in aged mesenchymal stem cells.

Alexandra Stolzing¹, Sebastian Sethe, Andrew M Scutt

¹Department of Engineering Material, Centre for Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. A.Stolzing@sheffield.ac.uk

Stem Cells and Development

|September 19, 2006

Summary

Culturing young mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) at reduced temperatures benefits them by upregulating protective proteins and reducing stress markers. However, aged MSCs do not show these benefits and may experience detrimental effects from cooling.

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Last Updated: Jul 20, 2026

Assessment of the Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)

Assessment of the Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)

Published on: December 24, 2015

Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Gerontology
Biochemistry

Background:

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are crucial for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Cellular aging is associated with increased oxidative stress and reduced function.
Temperature modulation during cell culture is a potential factor influencing MSC behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of reduced temperature culture on age-related stress markers in young and aged rat MSCs.
To compare the stress response of MSCs from different age groups under varying temperatures.
To explore the implications for stem cell gerontology and tissue engineering.

Main Methods:

Culturing MSCs from young (6-week) and aged (56-week) Wistar rats at standard (37°C) and reduced (32°C) temperatures.
Assessing various age and stress markers including reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), TBARS, carbonyls, lipofuscin, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), apoptosis, and proteasome activity.
Measuring heat shock protein (HSP) levels (HSP27, -60, -70, -90).

Main Results:

Young MSCs cultured at 32°C showed beneficial effects: increased anti-apoptotic HSPs (HSP27, HSP70, HSP90), decreased pro-apoptotic HSP60, elevated SOD and GPx, and reduced ROS, NO, TBARS, carbonyls, and lipofuscin.
Reduced temperature culture decreased apoptosis and proteasome activity in young MSCs.
Aged MSCs did not exhibit these beneficial changes at reduced temperatures, with some parameters showing detrimental effects.

Conclusions:

Reduced temperature culture confers benefits on young MSCs, suggesting a hormesis-like stress response.
Aged MSCs do not benefit from reduced temperature culture, and it may be detrimental.
These findings have implications for optimizing MSC culture conditions in tissue engineering and understanding stem cell aging.