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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum sickness, a systemic...
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such as Proteus,...
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute pancreatitis is the sudden inflammation of the pancreas caused by the early activation of digestive enzymes, leading to the autodigestion of pancreatic tissue. This results in local inflammation and, in severe cases, systemic complications.EtiologyUnderstanding the underlying causes is crucial, as identifying the etiology guides treatment and anticipates complications. Acute pancreatitis can be triggered by various factors, typically grouped into the following clinical categories.Biliary...

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Related Experiment Videos

Acute polyarthritis.

Kathryn Dao1, John J Cush

  • 1Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Division, Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas, Dallas, TX 75231, USA. kathryndao@texashealth.org

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Rheumatology
|September 19, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Prompt recognition and management of acute polyarthritis, like rheumatoid arthritis, are crucial to prevent disability. Early evaluation helps distinguish undifferentiated polyarthritis from rheumatoid arthritis, guiding effective treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Inflammatory Diseases

Background:

  • Arthritis is a leading cause of disability.
  • Acute-onset polyarthritis requires prompt recognition to prevent joint damage.
  • Differentiating early rheumatoid arthritis from undifferentiated polyarthritis is clinically challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence for identifying and managing patients with acute polyarticular inflammation.
  • To aid clinicians in the early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis.
  • To guide the transition from undifferentiated polyarthritis to a rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of evidence on acute polyarthritis.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria for rheumatoid arthritis.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Clinical management strategies for polyarticular inflammation.

    • Main Results:

    • Early identification of rheumatoid arthritis is key to preventing long-term disability.
    • Specific clinical and diagnostic markers aid in differentiating rheumatoid arthritis.
    • Timely intervention strategies improve patient outcomes.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective management of acute polyarthritis hinges on accurate and early diagnosis.
    • Distinguishing rheumatoid arthritis early is critical for optimal patient care.
    • This review provides a framework for clinicians managing acute polyarticular inflammation.