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Antibacterial nanosized silver substituted hydroxyapatite: synthesis and characterization.

N Rameshbabu¹, T S Sampath Kumar, T G Prabhakar

¹Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A

|October 13, 2006

Summary

Silver-substituted nanosize hydroxyapatites (AgHAs) show antibacterial properties against common bacteria. Low silver concentrations (0.5%) enhance osteoblast cell spreading, indicating potential for improved osseointegration in biomedical applications.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Nanotechnology
Microbiology

Background:

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a key biomaterial for bone regeneration.
Bacterial infections pose a significant challenge for orthopedic implants.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibit potent antimicrobial activity.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize and characterize silver-substituted nanosize hydroxyapatites (AgHAs).
To evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of AgHAs against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
To assess the biocompatibility and osteoblast response to AgHAs for potential bone tissue engineering applications.

Main Methods:

Microwave processing for AgHA synthesis.
X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) for characterization.
Spread plate and disc diffusion methods for antibacterial testing.
Osteoblast cell culture assays for biocompatibility assessment.

Main Results:

Synthesized AgHAs were nanosized (30 nm) with needle-like morphology.
AgHA demonstrated antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus, even at 0.5% silver.
Osteoblast attachment was observed on AgHA, with significantly greater spreading on 0.5% AgHA.
AgHA phase remained stable up to 700°C.

Conclusions:

Low concentrations of silver substitution in hydroxyapatite (0.5%) effectively inhibit bacterial growth.
AgHAs show promising biocompatibility and enhance osteoblast cell spreading.
These findings suggest AgHAs have potential for developing infection-resistant bone regenerative materials with improved osseointegration.