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Related Experiment Videos

Nosocomial diarrhoea.

M H Wilcox1, N Modi

  • 1Department of Microbiology, University of Leeds and The General Infirmary, Leeds, UK. markwi@pathology.leeds.ac.uk

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases
|October 13, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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New research highlights emerging causes of hospital-acquired viral diarrhea, including Toroviruses and Astroviruses. Advances in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) improve diagnosis and control of gastroenteritis, with new insights into Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens infections.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Gastroenterology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Nosocomial viral diarrhea is an increasing concern in healthcare settings.
  • The roles of Toroviruses and Astroviruses in hospital-acquired infections are being clarified.
  • Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) remains a significant challenge, with new strains and toxin profiles emerging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding the etiology of hospital-acquired viral gastroenteritis.
  • To discuss the diagnostic potential of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) methods.
  • To update knowledge on Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens as causes of antibiotic-associated diarrhea.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on viral and bacterial gastroenteritis in hospital settings.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Focus on diagnostic techniques, particularly PCR.
  • Analysis of emerging pathogens and their characteristics.

    • Main Results:

    • Toroviruses identified as a novel cause of nosocomial viral diarrhea.
    • Astrovirus's role in hospital-acquired gastroenteritis further elucidated.
    • Enhanced understanding of Clostridium difficile epidemiology, including epidemic strains and toxin variations.
    • Growing evidence implicates enterotoxin-producing Clostridium perfringens in antibiotic-associated diarrhea.

    Conclusions:

    • Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) offers improved diagnostic capabilities for hospital-acquired viral gastroenteritis.
    • Comprehensive control strategies are needed for emerging infectious diarrhea agents.
    • Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens require continued surveillance and management.