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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Computed Tomography (CT) Guided Implantation of a Totally Implantable Venous Access Port (TIVAP) through Subclavian Vein
Published on: January 13, 2026
Acute subclavian or axillary vein occlusion during biventricular pacemaker implantation
1Department of Cardiology, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. p.n.w.m.breuls@asz.nl
Abstract:
During biventricular pacemaker implantation, multiple punctures of the subclavian vein were performed and venous occlusion was apparent during the procedure, which in one case was stopped before lead insertion and in the other patient new access has to be forced through the occlusion by removing one of the already implanted leads. For implanting physicians, it is important to know that acute venous occlusion may occur during lead implantation.
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