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Cell shape and cell division.

Manuel Théry1, Michel Bornens

  • 1CEA, DSV, DRDC, Laboratoire Biopuces, Grenoble, F38054 France.

Current Opinion in Cell Biology
|October 19, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Cell shape and adhesion guide cell division orientation in mammalian development. These forces control spindle positioning, ensuring tissue integrity during development and morphogenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Early cell biologists noted a correlation between cell shape and division axis orientation.
  • Recent studies emphasize spatial distribution of cortical cues in guiding spindle orientation.
  • In vitro studies reveal similar mechanisms in cell division.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of cell adhesion and traction forces in mammalian cell division orientation.
  • To understand how cell shape reflects adhesive and tensional patterns.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms guiding spindle orientation and daughter cell positioning.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of early embryo development and tissue morphogenesis.
  • In vitro studies of cell division.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigating spatial distribution of cortical cues.
  • Examining cell adhesion and traction forces in interphase.

    • Main Results:

    • Cell adhesion and traction forces appear to dominate cell division orientation in mammalian cells.
    • Cell shape is a manifestation of underlying adhesive and tensional patterns.
    • These patterns spatially regulate cortical signals, guiding spindle orientation and daughter cell positioning.

    Conclusions:

    • Cell division orientation is significantly influenced by cell adhesion and mechanical forces.
    • Cell shape dynamics are crucial for maintaining tissue mechanical integrity.
    • Cell division is a continuous process integral to tissue development and homeostasis.