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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Optogenetic Manipulation of Neural Circuits During Monitoring Sleep/wakefulness States in Mice
Published on: June 19, 2019
[Narcolepsy--new implications of molecular biology]
Stine Knudsen1, Poul Jørgen Jennum
1Amtssygehuset i Glostrup, Dansk Center for Søvnmedicin, Klinisk Neurofysiologisk Afdeling, Glostrup. stkn@glostruphosp.kbhamt.dk
Abstract:
Narcolepsy is a common but underdiagnosed sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and abnormal manifestations of REM sleep: cataplexy, sleep paralysis and hypnagogogic hallucinations. Sleep onset REM periods (SOREMPs) are diagnostic. Within the last five years the pathogenesis has become clearer: narcolepsy is associated with almost total absence of the neuropeptides hypocretin-1 and -2 in the hypothalamus and CSF. A low level of CSF hypocretin is now recognized as a new diagnostic tool. This review provides updated knowledge of narcolepsy.
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