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Risk predictors in treated hypertension
H J Waal-Manning1, J M Paulin, A T Wallis
1Wellcome Medical Research Institute, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Insights
Smoking and high blood pressure (BP) significantly increase cardiovascular mortality risk in both men and women. Early detection of target organ damage and managing BP are crucial for long-term health outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality.
- Identifying predictors of mortality is crucial for effective prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify significant age-corrected predictors of 8-year cardiovascular and total mortality in hypertensive patients.
- To analyze predictors separately for men and women.
Main Methods:
- Cox proportional hazards method was used to analyze data from 975 men and 1,348 women.
- Data were collected from patients referred to the Dunedin Hypertension Clinic between 1953 and 1977.
Main Results:
- For men, predictors included systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), target organ damage (heart, eyes), smoking, and serum cholesterol.
- For women, predictors included serum cholesterol, diabetes, target organ damage (heart, eyes), smoking, and achieved BP.
- Smoking and elevated achieved BP were the strongest predictors of increased mortality risk in both sexes.
Conclusions:
- Smoking and elevated blood pressure are critical risk factors for cardiovascular and total mortality in hypertensive individuals.
- Early identification of target organ damage and proactive management of BP are essential for reducing mortality risk.
Abstract:
The data for patients referred to the Dunedin Hypertension Clinic (975 men, 1,348 women) between 1953 and 1977 have been examined by the Cox proportional hazards method for significant age-corrected predictors of 8-year cardiovascular and total mortality. For men, some significant predictors were systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), indices of target organ damage (heart and eyes) and smoking at presentation, and achieved BP and serum cholesterol at follow-up. For women, serum cholesterol, diabetes, target organ damage (heart and eyes) and smoking at presentation, and achieved BP level at follow-up were predictors. Relative risk for total or cardiovascular mortality was increased in both sexes most by smoking and by increased levels of achieved BP.