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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...

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Microorganisms isolated at admission and treatment outcome in sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis.

Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy·2018
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Advanced stage of chronic kidney disease is risk of poor treatment outcome for smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis
09:34

An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis

Published on: August 16, 2021

[The clinical features for tuberculosis in compromised hosts].

Fumio Yamagishi1

  • 1Department of Respiratory Diseases, National Hospital Organization Chiba-East National Hospital, Chiba, Japan. yamagisf@chibae.hosp.go.jp

Kekkaku : [Tuberculosis]
|November 11, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Tuberculosis progresses rapidly in patients with diabetes mellitus and is common in those with AIDS or receiving anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha therapy. Chemoprophylaxis effectively prevents tuberculosis onset in at-risk populations.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 18, 2026

An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis
09:34

An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis

Published on: August 16, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Context:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) presents unique challenges in immunocompromised individuals and those with comorbidities.
  • Specific patient groups, including those with diabetes mellitus, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), post-gastrectomy status, malignant tumors, or undergoing anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha therapy, require tailored management strategies.
  • The increasing incidence of TB in patients with diabetes mellitus highlights the need for early detection and intervention.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the clinical characteristics and effective management strategies for tuberculosis in patients with specific comorbidities and treatments.
  • To analyze the impact of diabetes mellitus, AIDS, gastrectomy, malignant tumors, and anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha therapy on tuberculosis presentation and progression.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of chemoprophylaxis in preventing tuberculosis onset in at-risk individuals.

Summary:

  • Tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus often present with advanced disease and rapid progression.
  • Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is associated with frequent extra-pulmonary and disseminated tuberculosis, with improved prognosis due to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
  • Patients receiving anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha therapy, such as infliximab, are at increased risk for tuberculosis, particularly extra-pulmonary forms, often with weak tuberculin reactions prior to treatment. Chemoprophylaxis is shown to be highly effective in preventing tuberculosis onset.

Impact:

  • Highlights the critical need for vigilant screening and early diagnosis of tuberculosis in immunocompromised hosts and those with specific comorbidities.
  • Emphasizes the importance of chemoprophylaxis as a key preventive measure against tuberculosis, especially in patients with a history of TB infection.
  • Informs clinical practice regarding the management of tuberculosis in complex patient populations, potentially improving patient outcomes and reducing disease burden.