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Multilevel selection 2: Estimating the genetic parameters determining inheritance and response to selection.

Piter Bijma1, William M Muir, Esther D Ellen

  • 1Animal Breeding and Genetics Group, Wageningen University, 6709PG Wageningen, The Netherlands.

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|November 18, 2006
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Social interactions significantly impact evolution by affecting heritable variation. New methods reveal threefold greater heritable variation and selection response, crucial for livestock and plant breeding.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantitative genetics
  • Evolutionary biology
  • Animal breeding

Background:

  • Individual interactions are universal in populations, influencing evolutionary trajectories.
  • Understanding heritable components of these interactions is key for predicting population evolution via selection.
  • Classical genetic analyses may underestimate heritable variation due to social effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present statistical methodology for estimating genetic parameters under multilevel selection influenced by social interactions.
  • To apply these methods to quantify heritable variation for survival in layer chickens affected by pecking behavior.
  • To compare results with classical analyses and assess the impact of social interactions on predicted selection responses.

Main Methods:

  • Development of statistical methods for multilevel selection analysis.
  • Application of these methods to a layer chicken population with high mortality.
  • Estimation of genetic parameters for survival days, accounting for social interactions.

Main Results:

  • Heritable variation for survival was threefold greater than estimated by classical analyses.
  • Two-thirds of the full heritable variation was masked by social interactions in traditional models.
  • Predicted responses to multilevel selection were threefold greater than classical predictions.

Conclusions:

  • Social interactions substantially influence heritable variation and evolutionary potential.
  • The developed methodology accurately captures the effects of social interactions on genetic parameters.
  • This approach enables improved selection programs for livestock and plants and better prediction of evolutionary dynamics in natural populations.