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Community-initiated urban development: an ecological intervention
Jan C Semenza1, Tanya L March, Brian D Bontempo
1School of Community Health, Portland State University, Portland, OR 972070-0751, USA. semenzaj@pdx.edu
Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
|November 24, 2006
Summary
Community-led urban renewal projects improved mental health and social capital in neglected neighborhoods. Engaging residents in creating attractive public spaces fostered a stronger sense of community and well-being.
Area of Science:
- Urban planning and community development
- Public health interventions
- Social sciences and community psychology
Background:
- Neglected urban areas often contribute to social isolation and poor mental health.
- Community engagement is crucial for urban renewal and resident well-being.
- Previous studies highlight the link between the built environment and psychological health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate an intervention promoting community participation in urban renewal in Portland, OR.
- To assess the impact of community-designed public spaces on resident well-being.
- To measure changes in mental health, sense of community, and social capital.
Main Methods:
- A quasi-experimental design involving three neighborhoods undergoing urban renewal.
- Systematic sampling and interviews of residents before and after the intervention (panel study).
- Community-designed elements (murals, benches, gardens) were implemented in public spaces.
Main Results:
- Multivariate analysis showed significant improvements in mental health (p = 0.03).
- A significant increase in the sense of community was observed (p < 0.01).
- Overall expansion of social capital was statistically significant (p = 0.04).
Conclusions:
- Community empowerment, participation, and collective action effectively engage residents in neighborhood restoration.
- The intervention successfully fostered community well-being through tangible improvements in the urban environment.
- Engaging residents in urban renewal yields direct benefits for community health and social cohesion.
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