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Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Using an Automated Hirschberg Test App to Evaluate Ocular Alignment
Published on: March 24, 2020
The American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus workforce distribution project
Robert Estes1, Daniel Estes, Constance West
1Department of Ophthalmology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennesee, USA. robert.estes@vanderbilt.edu
Purpose:
To describe data sources and functional utility of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS) workforce database and associated map files.
Methods:
Population data from the 2000 U.S. Census and current listings from the AAPOS and American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) databases were organized to demonstrate and analyze practitioner-to-population relationships for metropolitan statistical areas nationwide. An interactive map was developed to provide an intuitive graphical display of the data.
Results:
A total of 749 active AAPOS members were distributed in 154 of 280 defined metropolitan statistical areas. Within these areas, a 0- to 20-year age subgroup varied from 17.8% to 42.6%, with an average of 30.4%. The AAPOS member-to-million-person ratio varied from 1.3 to 27, with higher numbers generally representing regions with population bases inadequately defined by Census Bureau statistical area definitions. Ratios for a majority of larger, better-defined areas ranged from 3 to 4 AAPOS members per million persons. Sizable areas with no AAPOS member presence were identified and tabulated. AAO members with a specified pediatric practice focus who were not AAPOS members were identified in 103 areas, possibly influencing patient choices and practitioner referrals for these regions.
Conclusions:
The AAPOS workforce database and related interactive map display practitioner and population data that may assist physicians and planners in targeting practice development and identifying potentially underserved areas.