Microvascular transplantation of epiphyseal plates: studies utilizing allograft donor material

Compromised function of an epiphyseal plate caused by trauma, tumor, infection, or congenital malformation can result in significant musculoskeletal deformity. Techniques used to correct or minimize the extent of these deformities include autogenous or allogeneic cancellous bone grafts, nonvascularized cortical allografts, vascularized bone and composite tissue transfers, and distraction osteogenesis. These solutions are not ideal for children because they do not adequately address the actively growing nature of the extremity. Microvascular techniques have enabled the experimental transplantation of vascularized epiphyseal plates with high levels of postoperative viability and subsequent growth and offer a potential advantage over conventional treatments.