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Bone engineering with adipose tissue derived stromal cells.

Konstanze Weinzierl1, Alexander Hemprich, Bernhard Frerich

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery (Head: Prof. Dr. Dr. A. Hemprich), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. frerich@medizin.uni-leipzig.de

Journal of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery : Official Publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery
|December 13, 2006
PubMed
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Human adipose tissue derived stromal cells (ATSCs) show significant potential for tissue engineering, differentiating into bone, fat, and muscle cells. Their osteogenic differentiation is not age-dependent, and 3D constructs can be successfully created.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Tissue engineering aims to repair or replace damaged organs.
  • Human adipose tissue derived stromal cells (ATSCs) are investigated for their differentiation capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the general mesenchymal differentiation potential of ATSCs.
  • To specifically assess their osteogenic differentiation into bone.

Main Methods:

  • ATSCs were isolated and cultured to the 3rd passage.
  • Induced differentiation into adipogenic, osteogenic, and myogenic lineages.
  • Analyzed via histological (v. Kossa, Sudan III) and immunohistological (alpha-actin, osteocalcin) methods.
  • Assessed calcium deposition and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Constructed and analyzed 3D osteogenic scaffolds.

    • Main Results:

    • Effective differentiation of ATSCs into osteogenic, adipogenic, and myogenic cells confirmed.
    • Increased calcium deposition in osteogenically differentiated cells, independent of donor age.
    • Two out of three 3D osteogenic constructs demonstrated mineralization zones.

    Conclusions:

    • ATSCs are a promising cell source for tissue engineering.
    • Demonstrated potential for adipogenic, osteogenic, and myogenic differentiation.
    • Osteogenic differentiation capacity is not correlated with donor age.
    • Successful establishment of 3D osteogenic constructs.