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04:16
Whole Body Vibration Methods with Survivors of Polio
Published on: October 17, 2018
Risk management in a polio-free world
R Bruce Aylward1, Roland W Sutter, Steve L Cochi
1Global Polio Eradication Initiative, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. aylwardb@who.int
Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis
|December 23, 2006
Summary
Global polio eradication efforts face challenges from vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs). Strategies are evolving to manage risks of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) cessation and ensure a polio-free world.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Public Health
- Vaccinology
Background:
- The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (1988) aimed to cease immunization post-eradication, similar to smallpox.
- Managing risks in a polio-free world requires updated strategies for live polioviruses and biohazards.
- The circulation of vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) since 2000 poses challenges to polio-free goals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline strategies for managing risks associated with the eventual cessation of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV).
- To address the challenges posed by vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) in achieving and maintaining a polio-free world.
- To discuss the long-term biocontainment of poliovirus stocks and the controlled use of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV).
Main Methods:
- Review of developments in understanding live polioviruses and international biohazard management.
- Analysis of the implications of circulating VDPVs for polio eradication strategies.
- Development of a comprehensive strategy for OPV cessation, including biocontainment and IPV use.
Main Results:
- Circulating VDPVs are a significant risk, making continued OPV use incompatible with a polio-free world.
- A strategy for OPV cessation is proposed, focusing on long-term biocontainment of poliovirus stocks.
- The strategy includes controlled reintroduction of live poliovirus vaccine and appropriate use of IPV.
Conclusions:
- No strategy can entirely eliminate risks to a polio-free world.
- Risk management strategies must continuously evolve with better risk characterization and improved control approaches.
- Continued research and adaptation are crucial for maintaining a world free from poliomyelitis.
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