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Related Concept Videos

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints

Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris group...
Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
Joints01:26

Joints

Joints, also called articulations or articular surfaces, are points at which ligaments or other tissues connect adjacent bones. Joints permit movement and stability, and can be classified based on their structure or function.
Structural joint classifications are based on the material that makes up the joint as well as whether or not the joint contains a space between the bones. Joints are structurally classified as fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial.
Fibrous Joints Are Immovable
The bones of a...
Support Reactions in Three Dimensions01:27

Support Reactions in Three Dimensions

Support reactions in three dimensions help maintain the stability and equilibrium of various structures and systems. These reactions prevent the system from translating and rotating, ensuring the design can withstand external forces and perform its intended function efficiently and safely. Some of the supports providing support reactions in three dimensions are discussed below:
Ball and Socket Joint is one of the supports allowing free rotation about any axis. This freedom of rotation is...

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Modified Approach to Segmental Maxillary Surgery: Midline Osteotomy and Parasagittal Soft Tissue Incisions.

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Tranexamic Acid Use Intra-Operatively Decreases the Need for Blood Transfusions and Post-Operative Edema in Temporomandibular Joint Surgeries.

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Can Patients With Metal Hypersensitivity Requiring TMJ Total Joint Prostheses be Successfully Treated With All-Titanium Alloy Mandibular Components?

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Biotribological Testing and Analysis of Articular Cartilage Sliding against Metal for Implants
09:08

Biotribological Testing and Analysis of Articular Cartilage Sliding against Metal for Implants

Published on: May 14, 2020

Factors to consider in joint prosthesis systems.

Larry M Wolford1

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Baylor University Medical Center, and Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University System, Dallas, Texas, USA. Lwolford@swbell.net

Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center)
|January 26, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Choosing the right joint reconstruction materials is key for patient outcomes. For temporomandibular joint (TMJ) reconstruction, metal-on-polyethylene total joint prostheses offer better results than metal-on-metal options.

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Oscillation and Reaction Board Techniques for Estimating Inertial Properties of a Below-knee Prosthesis
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Oscillation and Reaction Board Techniques for Estimating Inertial Properties of a Below-knee Prosthesis

Published on: May 8, 2014

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Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Biotribological Testing and Analysis of Articular Cartilage Sliding against Metal for Implants
09:08

Biotribological Testing and Analysis of Articular Cartilage Sliding against Metal for Implants

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Oscillation and Reaction Board Techniques for Estimating Inertial Properties of a Below-knee Prosthesis
08:08

Oscillation and Reaction Board Techniques for Estimating Inertial Properties of a Below-knee Prosthesis

Published on: May 8, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Debate exists regarding optimal techniques and materials for joint reconstruction.
  • Controversies include hemiarthroplasties vs. total joint prostheses and metal-on-metal vs. metal-on-polyethylene articulations.
  • Material hypersensitivity is a common yet often overlooked complication in joint prostheses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy and complications of different joint reconstruction techniques and materials.
  • To compare metal-on-metal versus metal-on-polyethylene articulations in joint prostheses.
  • To emphasize the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in the context of joint reconstruction.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on joint reconstruction techniques and materials.
  • Analysis of clinical outcomes and complication rates associated with different prosthetic articulations.
  • Focus on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) specific applications and results.

Main Results:

  • Metal-on-polyethylene articulations in total joint prostheses demonstrate superior outcomes compared to metal-on-metal articulations for TMJ reconstruction.
  • Hypersensitivity reactions to joint prosthesis materials are prevalent but frequently misdiagnosed.
  • Complications associated with various techniques and materials were evaluated.

Conclusions:

  • Metal-on-polyethylene total joint prostheses are recommended for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) reconstruction over metal-on-metal designs.
  • Awareness and diagnosis of material hypersensitivity are crucial for improving patient outcomes in joint reconstruction.
  • Further research into biomaterial interactions and long-term prosthesis performance is warranted.