Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 16, 2026
Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology
Published on: August 22, 2022
"Lumpy jaw" in exotic hoof stock: a histopathologic interpretation with a treatment proposal
David A Fagan1, James E Oosterhuis, Kurt Benirschke
1From the Colyer Institute, P.O. Box 26118, San Diego, California 92196-0118, USA.
Abstract:
"Lumpy jaw" of artiodactyls and macropods, although often considered a manifestation of actinomycosis, is actually an osteomyelitis, perhaps commencing with a dental root abscess or trauma to the jaw. Anaerobes may be cultured from the lesions, and vegetable matter may be impacted in them. It is a chronic disease and difficult to treat. Successful treatment may include draining the abscess, cleaning the cavity with saline and antibiotics, flushing with a combination of hydrogen peroxide-sodium hypochlorite and Betadine, and apicoectomy and endodontic filling when active inflammation has subsided.
Insights
Lumpy jaw in artiodactyls and macropods is osteomyelitis, not actinomycosis. Successful treatment involves abscess drainage, cleaning, flushing, and potentially apicoectomy and endodontic filling.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Pathology
- Comparative Medicine
Background:
- Lumpy jaw is a condition affecting artiodactyls and macropods.
- It is often misdiagnosed as actinomycosis.
Observation:
- The condition is characterized by osteomyelitis, potentially originating from dental root abscesses or jaw trauma.
- Lesions may contain anaerobic bacteria and impacted vegetable matter.
- Lumpy jaw is a chronic and challenging condition to treat.
Findings:
- This study reclassifies lumpy jaw as osteomyelitis.
- Successful treatment protocols are outlined, including surgical and endodontic interventions.
Implications:
- Accurate diagnosis of lumpy jaw as osteomyelitis is crucial for effective treatment.
- The proposed treatment strategy offers a potential solution for this chronic condition in affected animals.
