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Updated: Jul 16, 2026
Integration of Miniaturized Solid Phase Extraction and LC-MS/MS Detection of 3-Nitrotyrosine in Human Urine for Clinical Applications
Published on: July 14, 2017
Chromatographic and mass spectrometric methods for quantitative determination of 3-nitrotyrosine in biological
Henrik Ryberg1, Kenneth Caidahl
1Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden.
Abstract:
The permanent modification of soluble and protein-associated tyrosine by nitration results in the formation of 3-nitrotyrosine, which can be used as a marker of "nitro-oxidative" damage to proteins. Based on the analysis of patient materials, over 40 different diseases and/or conditions have been linked to increased nitration of tyrosine. They include many cardiovascular diseases, conditions associated with immunological reactions and neurological diseases. In this article we review the existing chromatographic and mass spectrometric methods for quantitative measurements of 3-nitrotyrosine in different human biological samples including plasma, either from the free amino acid pool or from hydrolyzed proteins from different matrices.
