Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Dissipation: the phase-space perspective.

R Kawai1, J M R Parrondo, C Van den Broeck

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|March 16, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Black Hole Spectroscopy and Tests of General Relativity with GW250114.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

GW250114: Testing Hawking's Area Law and the Kerr Nature of Black Holes.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Frequency-Dependent Squeezed Vacuum Source for the Advanced Virgo Gravitational-Wave Detector.

Physical review letters·2023
Same author

Search for Subsolar-Mass Binaries in the First Half of Advanced LIGO's and Advanced Virgo's Third Observing Run.

Physical review letters·2022
Same author

Constraints on Cosmic Strings Using Data from the Third Advanced LIGO-Virgo Observing Run.

Physical review letters·2021
Same author

Quantum Backaction on kg-Scale Mirrors: Observation of Radiation Pressure Noise in the Advanced Virgo Detector.

Physical review letters·2020
Same journal

Erratum: Bacterial Turbulence at Compressible Fluid Interfaces [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 138301 (2026)].

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Unveiling Light-Quark Yukawa Flavor Structure via Dihadron Fragmentation at Lepton Colliders.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Adaptable Route to Fast Coherent State Transport via Bang-Bang-Bang Protocols.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Topological Transition and Emergence of Elasticity of Dislocation in Skyrmion Lattice: Beyond Kittel's Magnetic-Polar Analogy.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Pound-Drever-Hall Method for Superconducting-Qubit Readout.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Coupling a ^{73}Ge Nuclear Spin to an Electrostatically Defined Quantum Dot in Silicon.

Physical review letters·2026
See all related articles

This study refines the work theorem, showing average dissipation in Hamiltonian systems equals kT times the relative entropy. This provides more accurate inequalities than the second law, encompassing Landauer's principle.

Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Quantum Information Theory

Background:

  • The second law of thermodynamics governs energy dissipation but offers limited precision for non-equilibrium systems.
  • Understanding dissipation is crucial for fields ranging from nanoscale engines to quantum computing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To refine the work theorem for Hamiltonian systems transitioning between equilibrium states.
  • To derive a precise formula for average dissipation in non-equilibrium processes.
  • To establish new thermodynamic inequalities that improve upon the second law.

Main Methods:

  • Refinement of the work theorem using phase-space density analysis.
  • Calculation of average dissipation using relative entropy (D(rho||rho_bar)).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of derived inequalities with the second law and Landauer's principle.

    • Main Results:

    • The average dissipation is precisely determined by = W - Delta F = kT D(rho||rho_bar).
    • The derived inequalities are more accurate than the second law for non-equilibrium systems.
    • The Landauer principle for irreversible computation is shown to be a special case of these findings.

    Conclusions:

    • The refined work theorem offers a more accurate quantitative description of energy dissipation in non-equilibrium systems.
    • This work provides a theoretical foundation for understanding and minimizing energy loss in computational processes.
    • The results have implications for the design of efficient thermodynamic devices and quantum information processing.