[Does shift work cause spontaneous abortion, preterm birth or low birth weight?]

Area of Science:

• Occupational Health
• Reproductive Epidemiology
• Public Health

Context:

• 30% of Danish females of reproductive age engage in regular shift work.
• Shift work is prevalent in modern work environments, raising concerns for maternal and fetal health.
• Existing research on shift work and pregnancy outcomes is extensive but requires synthesis.

Purpose:

• To review epidemiological evidence on the association between shift work and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
• To evaluate the impact of rotating and fixed night shifts on abortion, stillbirth, preterm birth, and birth weight.
• To provide evidence-based recommendations for mitigating potential risks.

Summary:

• A review of 22 epidemiological studies found no convincing associations between rotating or fixed night shifts and negative pregnancy outcomes.
• Some evidence suggests a potential link between fixed night shifts and late abortions or stillbirths.
• Avoiding fixed night work for pregnant women could prevent an estimated seven late abortions/stillbirths annually in Denmark.

Impact:

• Highlights the need to reconsider policies regarding fixed night shifts for pregnant workers.
• Suggests that targeted interventions, such as avoiding fixed night work, can have a measurable public health impact.
• Informs occupational health guidelines and workplace policies to protect pregnant employees.