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Published on: December 1, 2023
Health Effects of Shooting and Blasting Exercise: A Short-Term Longitudinal Study
Else Toft Würtz1, Øyvind Omland, Asbjørn Haaning Nielsen
1From the Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aalborg, Denmark (E.T.W., Ø.O., J.H.B.); Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Gistrup, Denmark (Ø.O., J.H.B.); and Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University Aalborg Øst, Denmark (A.H.N.).
Objective:
Respiratory complaints during indoor training among elite professional soldiers.
Methods:
During a 4-hour period (3 × 15 minutes), 18 male healthy nonsmoking Whites practiced enemy neutralization and building security. At each session, 65-246 blanks and dummy hand grenades were used, and there was no respiratory protection. Each soldier underwent blood sampling and spirometry testing before and after the training session and monitored own exposure.
Results:
The mean (range) exposure of total dust was 18.1 (6.0-25.5) mg/m 3 ; Cu, 17.4 (9.4-28.4) μg/m 3 ; and Zn, 165.1 (63.4-328.7) μg/m 3 . Mean (95% CI) postvalues for forced expiratory volume after 1 second and forced vital capacity were -130 mL (-180; -80) and -120 mL (-170; -70) lower than the corresponding prevalues. Blood concentration of neutrophils increased from 48% to 57%.
Conclusion:
Respiratory protection equipment is recommended in future indoor training sessions.
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Exercise Stress Test
Exercise stress testing, commonly known as a treadmill test, is a noninvasive procedure used to evaluate cardiovascular function and diagnose heart conditions.
Definition
An exercise stress test measures the heart's response to exertion using a treadmill or stationary bicycle. Chest electrodes record the heart's electrical activity through an ECG, and blood pressure is monitored regularly.
Purposes
Framing Effects

