Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome, type II.

Barbara A Majeroni1, Parag Patel

  • 1Dept. of Family Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14215, USA. BAMajeroni@aol.com

American Family Physician
|March 23, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Clinical Outcomes of Pre-Transplant Cardiac Prehabilitation in the ICU on Impella 5.5.

ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)·2026
Same author

Robotic-Assisted Surgery in Skull-Base Procedures: Advances, Applications, and Emerging Innovations.

International archives of otorhinolaryngology·2026
Same author

Twiddler's syndrome resulting in right phrenic nerve stimulation: a case report.

European heart journal. Case reports·2026
Same author

Long-term outcomes of abnormal global longitudinal left ventricular strain during sepsis: A retrospective cohort study.

Journal of critical care·2026
Same author

Percutaneous Temporary Mechanical Circulatory Support as a Bridge to Heart Transplantation in the Current UNOS Allocation System.

Biomedicines·2025
Same author

British Skull Base Society Consensus on Vestibular Schwannoma Surveillance.

Journal of neurological surgery. Part B, Skull base·2025
Same journal

Nausea and Vomiting During Pregnancy.

American family physician·2026
Same journal

Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Diagnosis and Management.

American family physician·2026
Same journal

Type 2 Diabetes: Outpatient Insulin Management.

American family physician·2026
Same journal

Recurrent UTI in Women: Diagnosis and Management.

American family physician·2026
Same journal

Gambling Disorder: Diagnosis and Treatment.

American family physician·2026
Same journal

Pacemaker Therapy: Indications and Recommendations.

American family physician·2026
See all related articles

Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type II combines autoimmune adrenal insufficiency with thyroid disease or type 1 diabetes. Early diagnosis and treatment, especially of adrenal insufficiency, are crucial to prevent life-threatening complications.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Autoimmunology

Background:

  • Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type II (APS II) involves autoimmune adrenal insufficiency, autoimmune thyroid disease, and/or type 1 autoimmune diabetes mellitus.
  • Symptoms of adrenal insufficiency and hypothyroidism are nonspecific, complicating diagnosis.
  • APS II typically presents in midlife, predominantly affecting women, and can have severe, life-threatening consequences if overlooked.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type II.
  • To highlight diagnostic challenges and the importance of prompt recognition.
  • To outline appropriate management strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis relies on the presence of autoimmune adrenal insufficiency, confirmed by the cosyntropin test.
  • Associated conditions include autoimmune thyroid disease and type 1 autoimmune diabetes mellitus.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Clinical presentation and epidemiological data were considered.

    • Main Results:

    • Autoimmune adrenal insufficiency is a mandatory criterion for APS II diagnosis.
    • The cosyntropin test is the recommended diagnostic tool for adrenal insufficiency.
    • Hormone replacement therapy is individualized, with adrenal insufficiency treatment prioritized before thyroid therapy.

    Conclusions:

    • Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type II requires careful diagnosis due to nonspecific symptoms.
    • Prompt identification and management, particularly of adrenal insufficiency, are critical for patient outcomes.
    • Integrated hormone therapy, prioritizing adrenal support, is essential for managing coexisting autoimmune conditions.