Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Structure and Function of Platelets01:18

Structure and Function of Platelets

2.7K
The cell fragments known as platelets are disc-shaped, with an average diameter of about 3 μm and a thickness of roughly 1 μm. They play a crucial role in the body's vascular clotting system, which also involves plasma proteins, blood cells, and blood vessel tissues.
Platelets are continually replenished, circulating in the bloodstream for 9-12 days before being removed by phagocytes, primarily in the spleen. A microliter of circulating blood contains between 150,000 and 450,000...
2.7K
Formation of the Platelet Plug01:22

Formation of the Platelet Plug

8.5K
The platelet phase, the second stage of hemostasis, commences around 15-20 seconds after an injury. It follows and overlaps with the vascular phase, during which blood vessels constrict to minimize blood loss.
As the injured blood vessel contracts, endothelial cells undergo contraction, revealing collagen fibers in the basement membrane and underlying connective tissue. Furthermore, the plasma membrane of endothelial cells becomes adhesive, preparing the site for platelet adhesion. Platelets...
8.5K
Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis01:16

Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis

8.1K
After a fibrin clot is formed, the next step is clot retraction, a vital process facilitated by platelet contractile proteins, such as actin and myosin. These proteins pull the fibrin strands closer together and condense the clot. This action reduces the size of the clot, creating a smaller, denser structure that effectively seals off the damaged vessel. Clot retraction consolidates the clot and helps with wound healing by bringing the edges of the damaged blood vessel closer together.
8.1K
Replicative Cell Senescence02:15

Replicative Cell Senescence

4.2K
Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds...
4.2K
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:31

The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

8.1K
Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
8.1K
Negative Regulator Molecules01:23

Negative Regulator Molecules

38.1K
Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
38.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A Successfully Treated Case of <i>Mycobacterium chelonae</i> Pulmonary Infection and a Literature Review (1990-2025).

Infection and drug resistance·2026
Same author

BO-LSTM-Based TDE Precise Estimation Model of Capacitive MEMS-Gyros Using Thermal-Induced Physical Characteristics Variation Analysis.

Micromachines·2026
Same author

The Upregulation of AIM2 in the Central Nucleus of the Amygdala Correlates with Pain Induced by Tooth Movement.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

A Mild and DNA-Compatible Cyclization Strategy for the Construction of [1,2,4]Triazolo[1,5-<i>a</i>]pyridine Scaffolds.

Organic letters·2026
Same author

Selective Inhibition of Glioma Cells In Vivo via Low Intensity Ultrasound.

Ultrasound in medicine & biology·2026
Same author

Limited genome evolution of <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> following an accidental infection in the research laboratory.

ASM case reports·2026
Same journal

Co-option of lysosomal machinery shapes the evolution of the intracellular photosymbiosis supporting coral reefs.

Cell·2026
Same journal

LEF1 and niche factors determine T cell stemness across chronic diseases.

Cell·2026
Same journal

Recurrent patterns of TOP1-mediated neuronal genomic damage shared by major neurodegenerative disorders.

Cell·2026
Same journal

Four-dimensional molecular mapping from a spatial snapshot reveals the dynamics of hair follicle organogenesis.

Cell·2026
Same journal

Whole-cell particle-based digital twin simulations from 4D lattice light-sheet microscopy data.

Cell·2026
Same journal

Systematic discovery of pathogen effector functions across human pathogens and pathways.

Cell·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 31, 2025

Analyzing Platelet Subpopulations by Multi-color Flow Cytometry
08:04

Analyzing Platelet Subpopulations by Multi-color Flow Cytometry

Published on: June 10, 2025

1.3K

A Bcl-xL timer sets platelet life span.

Bing Qi1, J Marie Hardwick

  • 1Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.

Cell
|March 27, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mutations in the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-x(L) cause accelerated platelet death, leading to platelet deficiency. This genetic screen identified key factors in platelet survival and count regulation.

More Related Videos

Comprehensive Analysis of Procoagulant Platelets Exhibiting Features of Necrosis, Apoptosis and Platelet Activation
04:37

Comprehensive Analysis of Procoagulant Platelets Exhibiting Features of Necrosis, Apoptosis and Platelet Activation

Published on: May 23, 2025

955
Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets
05:49

Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets

Published on: November 29, 2024

1.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 31, 2025

Analyzing Platelet Subpopulations by Multi-color Flow Cytometry
08:04

Analyzing Platelet Subpopulations by Multi-color Flow Cytometry

Published on: June 10, 2025

1.3K
Comprehensive Analysis of Procoagulant Platelets Exhibiting Features of Necrosis, Apoptosis and Platelet Activation
04:37

Comprehensive Analysis of Procoagulant Platelets Exhibiting Features of Necrosis, Apoptosis and Platelet Activation

Published on: May 23, 2025

955
Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets
05:49

Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets

Published on: November 29, 2024

1.1K

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Platelets are anucleated cell fragments crucial for hemostasis and thrombosis.
  • Understanding platelet production and survival is vital for treating bleeding disorders.

Discussion:

  • ENU mutagenesis in mice identified novel mutations affecting platelet lifespan.
  • The study links the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-x(L) to platelet programmed cell death.
  • Defects in Bcl-x(L) function result in thrombocytopenia (low platelet count).

Key Insights:

  • Identified specific mutations in Bcl-x(L) that lead to premature platelet apoptosis.
  • Demonstrated a direct correlation between Bcl-x(L) function and platelet count.
  • Highlighted the importance of antiapoptotic proteins in maintaining platelet homeostasis.

Outlook:

  • Further research into Bcl-x(L) pathways could reveal new therapeutic targets for thrombocytopenia.
  • This study provides a foundation for investigating other genetic factors influencing platelet production and survival.